Public order: Notion and structure

A notion of functional completeness for first-order structure

Using -congruences and implications, Weaver (1993) introduced the concepts of prevariety and quasivariety of first-order structures as generalizations of the corresponding concepts for algebras. The notion of functional completeness on algebras has been defined and characterized by Burris and Sankappanavar (1981), Kaarli and Pixley (2001), Pixley (1996), and Quackenbush (1981). We study the not...

Public Sector Reforms and the Notion of 'Public Value': Implications for eGovernment Deployment

Governments are increasingly investing in information and communication technologies (ICT) as tool to foster the rationalization of public administration. This paper discusses e-government within the context of governmental reforms heavily influenced by the New Public Management (NPM), which suggests that the use of ICT within the public sector will enhance efficiency, effectiveness and account...

Sanctions, Law and Public Order

A New Notion of Cardinality for Countable First Order Theories

We define and investigate HC-forcing invariant formulas of set theory, whose interpretations in the hereditarily countable sets are well behaved under forcing extensions. This leads naturally to a notion of cardinality ||Φ|| for sentences Φ of Lω1,ω, which counts the number of sentences of L∞,ω that, in some forcing extension, become a canonical Scott sentence of a model of Φ. We show this card...

the underlying structure of language proficiency and the proficiency level

هدف از انجام این تخقیق بررسی رابطه احتمالی بین سطح مهارت زبان خارجی (foreign language proficiency) و ساختار مهارت زبان خارجی بود. تعداد 314 زبان آموز مونث و مذکر که عمدتا دانشجویان رشته های زبان انگلیسی در سطوح کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد بودند در این تحقیق شرکت کردند. از لحاظ سطح مهارت زبان خارجی شرکت کنندگان بسیار با هم متفاوت بودند، (75 نفر سطح پیشرفته، 113 نفر سطح متوسط، 126 سطح مقدماتی). کلا ...